COP31 Finance: The summit’s Turkish host says wealthy nations should spend far more on climate than on defence, while African negotiators urge leaders to turn past pledges into accessible funding and action. Methane Rules: The U.S. EPA plans to propose scrapping a program that requires oil and gas operators to investigate major methane leaks, reversing a measure designed to curb emissions. Climate Outlook: China’s climate centre says a super El Niño formed in September and could become the strongest on record, bringing higher temperatures and shifting rainfall patterns. Emissions Gap: Illinois has cut emissions nearly a third since 2005, but current policies put it off track for its 2030 and 2050 targets; stronger action could deliver larger reductions. Water Security: A climate dialogue in Kyrgyzstan focused on shrinking glaciers, water risks and the need for better monitoring and early warnings. Climate in Court: As governments retreat from climate commitments, litigation is gaining ground; Australia’s highest court recently blocked a coal-mine expansion over its climate impact.